Από τη New York Times:
Από το μπλογκ της World Bank:
Brown envelope στα αγγλικά:
Τίτλος στην Independent:
The pressure mounts on Britain to stamp out the brown-envelope culture
(Όχι, δεν πρέπει να έχει περάσει στα λεξικά ακόμα.)
Π.χ.
The Greeks from work tell me you even need to take the brown envelope when you go to the doctors, just to give them a bit of encouragement to examine you.
ή
Once you have passed that part and moving onto the driving part, it’s worth asking your instructor how much a "brown envelope" would be. If he knows the examiner, a price can be arranged.
Από το φόρουμ του http://greeceishome.gr
Και η αφορμή για το νήμα:
"Greek Wealth Is Everywhere but Tax Forms"
[...] To get more attentive care in the country’s national health system, Greeks routinely pay doctors cash on the side, a practice known as “fakelaki,” Greek for little envelope. And bribing government officials to grease the wheels of bureaucracy is so standard that people know the rates. They say, for instance, that 300 euros, about $400, will get you an emission inspection sticker. [...]
[...] To get more attentive care in the country’s national health system, Greeks routinely pay doctors cash on the side, a practice known as “fakelaki,” Greek for little envelope. And bribing government officials to grease the wheels of bureaucracy is so standard that people know the rates. They say, for instance, that 300 euros, about $400, will get you an emission inspection sticker. [...]
Από το μπλογκ της World Bank:
[…] Although there are many forms of corruption that pervade Greece, I will focus on the three most detrimental. First, is the commission paid for illicit services. This includes widespread tax evasion. It is widely understood that Greeks will present a “fakelaki” or “envelope” of cash as bribery to tax officials in order to avoid claiming all income earned. Taxes were dealt with “in a three way split: You pay a third of what you owe to the government, a third to the collector and a third remains in your pocket” (New York Times: "Greek Wealth Is Everywhere but Tax Forms"). Citizens become accustomed to claiming only a portion of their income and some of their assets. This past year, only 324 residents claimed to owning pools even though satellite surveys of the land counted 16,974. Other petty corruption includes paying to have your car pass inspection and to obtain permits for construction that would otherwise be illegal. This has led land developers to frequently ignite forest fires to acres of land every summer, the worst being in 2007 and 2009, in order to bypass laws disallowing development on farm land; in the process ruining homes, the livelihoods of many farmers, killing trees that would take generations to replace and draining public funds.
Second, it has become a social norm to pay unwarranted fees for public services. This is most notable in the public health care system. The “fakelaki” is handed over to public doctors to ensure you are provided the best care. It also relieves the burden of long hospital waits. This cash-only system has greatly contributed to the shadow economy. Thirdly, pulling strings and nepotism became a common way for people to do certain things, such as obtain jobs. This has been detrimental to the state by stifling competition by keeping people in jobs that they are not necessarily qualified or entitled to. Companies also commonly pay to keep competitors out. Adding to the problem is the “brain drain,” created by the fact that professional Greeks are better off leaving the country if they do not have good enough connections for a decent job. Corruption in this sense has prevented innovation, growth and competitiveness that are imperative for a healthy and profitable state.
There is a huge threat to society when the status quo is to participate in everyday corruption. Refusal to participate in these practices is seen as deviating from the norm if “everyone else is doing it.” The ruling class sets the precedent that everyone else follows. Thus, it is also considered foolish to abide by certain laws when many in society do not. Many Greeks have the mentality of “why should I pay for taxes when my neighbors are not?” There is a sense of entitlement, of not owing the state anything, especially in a country where it is very easy to get away with it.
Greece is not the only country where this is customary. […]
http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/growth/citizen-culpability-and-crisis-greece
Second, it has become a social norm to pay unwarranted fees for public services. This is most notable in the public health care system. The “fakelaki” is handed over to public doctors to ensure you are provided the best care. It also relieves the burden of long hospital waits. This cash-only system has greatly contributed to the shadow economy. Thirdly, pulling strings and nepotism became a common way for people to do certain things, such as obtain jobs. This has been detrimental to the state by stifling competition by keeping people in jobs that they are not necessarily qualified or entitled to. Companies also commonly pay to keep competitors out. Adding to the problem is the “brain drain,” created by the fact that professional Greeks are better off leaving the country if they do not have good enough connections for a decent job. Corruption in this sense has prevented innovation, growth and competitiveness that are imperative for a healthy and profitable state.
There is a huge threat to society when the status quo is to participate in everyday corruption. Refusal to participate in these practices is seen as deviating from the norm if “everyone else is doing it.” The ruling class sets the precedent that everyone else follows. Thus, it is also considered foolish to abide by certain laws when many in society do not. Many Greeks have the mentality of “why should I pay for taxes when my neighbors are not?” There is a sense of entitlement, of not owing the state anything, especially in a country where it is very easy to get away with it.
Greece is not the only country where this is customary. […]
http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/growth/citizen-culpability-and-crisis-greece
Brown envelope στα αγγλικά:
Τίτλος στην Independent:
The pressure mounts on Britain to stamp out the brown-envelope culture
(Όχι, δεν πρέπει να έχει περάσει στα λεξικά ακόμα.)
Π.χ.
The Greeks from work tell me you even need to take the brown envelope when you go to the doctors, just to give them a bit of encouragement to examine you.
ή
Once you have passed that part and moving onto the driving part, it’s worth asking your instructor how much a "brown envelope" would be. If he knows the examiner, a price can be arranged.
Από το φόρουμ του http://greeceishome.gr
Και η αφορμή για το νήμα:
«Δώσε άδειο φακελάκι»...
Πρωτοβουλία στη Σπάρτη
«Εάν σου ζητήσουν φακελάκι, δώσε ένα άδειο!». Με αυτό το σύνθημα και το τηλέφωνο των Εσωτερικών Υποθέσεων της ΕΛ.ΑΣ., οι γιατροί του νοσοκομείου Σπάρτης πρωτοπορούν, παροτρύνοντας τους πολίτες να προβούν σε καταγγελίες. Η απόφαση να υιοθετηθεί η αφίσα ήταν ομόφωνη και εντάσσεται σε μια γενικότερη προσπάθεια «αυτοκάθαρσης» του κλάδου.
http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_ell_100030_25/09/2010_416376
Πρωτοβουλία στη Σπάρτη
«Εάν σου ζητήσουν φακελάκι, δώσε ένα άδειο!». Με αυτό το σύνθημα και το τηλέφωνο των Εσωτερικών Υποθέσεων της ΕΛ.ΑΣ., οι γιατροί του νοσοκομείου Σπάρτης πρωτοπορούν, παροτρύνοντας τους πολίτες να προβούν σε καταγγελίες. Η απόφαση να υιοθετηθεί η αφίσα ήταν ομόφωνη και εντάσσεται σε μια γενικότερη προσπάθεια «αυτοκάθαρσης» του κλάδου.
http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_ell_100030_25/09/2010_416376
